PGS Catalog - calcaneal bone quantitative ultrasound measurement [EFO:0007772] (Polygenic Trait)

Polygenic Score ID & Name	PGS Publication ID (PGP)	Reported Trait	Mapped Trait(s) (Ontology)	Number of Variants	Ancestry distribution GWAS Dev Eval	Scoring File (FTP Link)
PGS000657 (gSOS)	PGP000120 \| Forgetta V et al. PLoS Med (2020)	Heel quantitative ultrasound speed of sound (SOS)	calcaneal bone quantitative ultrasound measurement	21,716	-	https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS000657/ScoringFiles/PGS000657.txt.gz - Check Terms/Licenses
PGS001529 (GBE_INI3146)	PGP000244 \| Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)	Speed of sound through heel	calcaneal bone quantitative ultrasound measurement	13,172	-	https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS001529/ScoringFiles/PGS001529.txt.gz
PGS001530 (GBE_INI4103)	PGP000244 \| Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)	Speed of sound through heel (L)	calcaneal bone quantitative ultrasound measurement	8,419	-	https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS001530/ScoringFiles/PGS001530.txt.gz
PGS001531 (GBE_INI4122)	PGP000244 \| Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)	Speed of sound through heel (R)	calcaneal bone quantitative ultrasound measurement	8,912	-	https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS001531/ScoringFiles/PGS001531.txt.gz
PGS001956 (portability-PLR_log_heel_BUA)	PGP000263 \| Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)	Heel Broadband ultrasound attenuation, direct entry	calcaneal bone quantitative ultrasound measurement	69,537	-	https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS001956/ScoringFiles/PGS001956.txt.gz
PGS002174 (portability-ldpred2_log_heel_BUA)	PGP000263 \| Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)	Heel Broadband ultrasound attenuation, direct entry	calcaneal bone quantitative ultrasound measurement	732,595	-	https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS002174/ScoringFiles/PGS002174.txt.gz

Performance Metrics

Disclaimer: The performance metrics are displayed as reported by the source studies. It is important to note that metrics are not necessarily comparable with each other. For example, metrics depend on the sample characteristics (described by the PGS Catalog Sample Set [PSS] ID), phenotyping, and statistical modelling. Please refer to the source publication for additional guidance on performance.

PGS Performance Metric ID (PPM)	Evaluated Score	PGS Sample Set ID (PSS)	Performance Source	Trait	PGS Effect Sizes (per SD change)	Classification Metrics	Other Metrics	Covariates Included in the Model	PGS Performance: Other Relevant Information
PPM001343	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000586\| European Ancestry\| 80,027 individuals	PGP000120 \| Forgetta V et al. PLoS Med (2020)	Reported Trait: Heel bone speed of sound	—	—	R²: 0.2318 [0.2266, 0.2369]	—	—
PPM001344	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000585\| Multi-ancestry (including European)\| 21,408 individuals	PGP000120 \| Forgetta V et al. PLoS Med (2020)	Reported Trait: Screening incorporating a gSOS-based screening step	—	—	Positive Predictive Value (PPV): 0.954 Reduction in individuals requiring Clinical-Risk-Factor FRAX tests (%): 37.0 Percent reduction in individuals requiring BMD FRAX Tests (%): 41.0	—	—
PPM001862	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000950\| European Ancestry\| 90,172 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	—	AUROC: 0.798 [0.791, 0.805]	Odds ratio (OR, bottom 25% vs. remaining 75%): 1.2 [1.02, 1.41]	Age, sex	—
PPM001863	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000944\| European Ancestry\| 8,278 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	—	C-index: 0.623 [0.603, 0.642]	—	Sex	—
PPM001864	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000943\| European Ancestry\| 8,278 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	—	C-index: 0.672 [0.65, 0.695]	—	Sex	—
PPM001861	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000951\| European Ancestry\| 90,172 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	—	AUROC: 0.734 [0.727, 0.74]	Odds ratio (OR, bottom 25% vs. remaining 75%): 1.68 [1.47, 1.89]	Age, sex	—
PPM001867	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000942\| European Ancestry\| 4,663 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.72 [0.66, 0.79]	—	—	Age, sex	—
PPM001852	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000937\| European Ancestry\| 80,014 individuals	PGP000153 \| Manousaki D et al. J Bone Miner Res (2020) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.69 [0.65, 0.71]	—	—	—	—
PPM001853	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000937\| European Ancestry\| 80,014 individuals	PGP000153 \| Manousaki D et al. J Bone Miner Res (2020) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.68 [0.64, 0.73]	—	Odds ratio (OR, bottom 50% vs top 50%): 1.86 [1.62, 2.13]	Baseline fracture risk (FRAX), fracture-related drug use, fracture-related drug use*gSOS	—
PPM001854	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000936\| European Ancestry\| 80,014 individuals	PGP000153 \| Manousaki D et al. J Bone Miner Res (2020) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	OR: 0.76 [0.67, 0.87]	—	Odds ratio (OR, bottom 50% vs top 50%): 1.42 [1.08, 1.88]	Basline fracture risk (FRAX), fracture-related drug use	—
PPM001855	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000936\| European Ancestry\| 80,014 individuals	PGP000153 \| Manousaki D et al. J Bone Miner Res (2020) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	OR: 0.74 [0.64, 0.78]	—	—	—	—
PPM001856	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000936\| European Ancestry\| 80,014 individuals	PGP000153 \| Manousaki D et al. J Bone Miner Res (2020) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	OR: 0.76 [0.64, 0.89]	—	—	Baseline fracture risk (FRAX), fracture-related drug use, fracture-related drug use*gSOS	—
PPM001857	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000933\| European Ancestry\| 12,678 individuals	PGP000153 \| Manousaki D et al. J Bone Miner Res (2020) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture in fracture-related drug users	OR: 0.78 [0.68, 0.88]	—	Odds ratio (OR, bottom 50% vs top 50%): 1.54 [1.19, 1.99]	Basline fracture risk (FRAX)	—
PPM001858	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000932\| European Ancestry\| 12,678 individuals	PGP000153 \| Manousaki D et al. J Bone Miner Res (2020) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: incident hip fracture in fracture-related drug users	OR: 0.77 [0.61, 0.98]	—	Odds ratio (OR, bottom 50% vs top 50%): 1.99 [1.19, 3.31]	Basline fracture risk (FRAX)	—
PPM001859	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000935\| European Ancestry\| 67,336 individuals	PGP000153 \| Manousaki D et al. J Bone Miner Res (2020) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture in individuals who don’t use fracture-related drugs	OR: 0.57 [0.54, 0.61]	—	Odds ratio (OR, bottom 50% vs top 50%): 1.75 [1.65, 1.86]	Basline fracture risk (FRAX)	—
PPM001860	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000934\| European Ancestry\| 67,336 individuals	PGP000153 \| Manousaki D et al. J Bone Miner Res (2020) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture in individuals who don’t use fracture-related drugs	OR: 0.36 [0.3, 0.43]	—	Odds ratio (OR, bottom 50% vs top 50%): 2.81 [2.35, 3.36]	Basline fracture risk (FRAX)	—
PPM001865	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000948\| European Ancestry\| 80,014 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.68 [0.65, 0.72]	AUROC: 0.68 [0.673, 0.688]	—	Age, sex	—
PPM001868	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000942\| European Ancestry\| 4,663 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.76 [0.69, 0.85]	—	—	Age, sex, body mass index, prior fracture, smoking, corticosteroids use, rheumatoid arthritis, parental fracture, at-risk drinking, falls at baseline, secondary osteoperosis	—
PPM001869	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000940\| European Ancestry\| 1,880 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.69 [0.61, 0.78]	—	—	Age, sex	—
PPM001870	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000940\| European Ancestry\| 1,880 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.72 [0.61, 0.85]	—	—	Age, sex, body mass index, prior fracture, smoking, corticosteroids use, rheumatoid arthritis, parental fracture, at-risk drinking, falls at baseline, secondary osteoperosis	—
PPM001871	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000946\| European Ancestry\| 3,615 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.74 [0.68, 0.81]	—	—	Age, sex	—
PPM001872	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000946\| European Ancestry\| 3,615 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.75 [0.68, 0.83]	—	—	Age, sex, body mass index, prior fracture, smoking, corticosteroids use, rheumatoid arthritis, parental fracture, at-risk drinking, falls at baseline, secondary osteoperosis	—
PPM001873	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000938\| East Asian Ancestry\| 25,034 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.79 [0.71, 0.88]	—	—	Age, sex	Only 13,848 of the original 21717 SNPs (63.8%) were used due to difference in reference panel.
PPM001874	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000938\| East Asian Ancestry\| 25,034 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.82 [0.74, 0.92]	—	—	Age, sex, body mass index, prior fracture, smoking, corticosteroids use, rheumatoid arthritis, parental fracture, at-risk drinking, falls at baseline, secondary osteoperosis	Only 13,848 of the original 21717 SNPs (63.8%) were used due to difference in reference panel.
PPM001875	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000947\| European Ancestry\| 80,014 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	OR: 0.73 [0.63, 0.84]	AUROC: 0.739 [0.724, 0.754]	—	Age, sex	—
PPM001876	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000947\| European Ancestry\| 80,014 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	OR: 0.75 [0.65, 0.86]	—	—	Age, sex, body mass index, prior fracture, smoking, corticosteroids use, rheumatoid arthritis, parental fracture, at-risk drinking, falls at baseline, secondary osteoperosis	—
PPM001877	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000941\| European Ancestry\| 4,663 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	OR: 0.73 [0.64, 0.83]	—	—	Age, sex	—
PPM001878	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000941\| European Ancestry\| 4,663 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	OR: 0.75 [0.65, 0.87]	—	—	Age, sex, body mass index, prior fracture, smoking, corticosteroids use, rheumatoid arthritis, parental fracture, at-risk drinking, falls at baseline, secondary osteoperosis	—
PPM001879	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000939\| European Ancestry\| 1,880 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	OR: 0.76 [0.63, 0.93]	—	—	Age, sex	—
PPM001880	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000939\| European Ancestry\| 1,880 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	OR: 0.74 [0.58, 0.95]	—	—	Age, sex, body mass index, prior fracture, smoking, corticosteroids use, rheumatoid arthritis, parental fracture, at-risk drinking, falls at baseline, secondary osteoperosis	—
PPM001881	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000945\| European Ancestry\| 3,615 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	OR: 0.76 [0.7, 0.84]	—	—	Age, sex	—
PPM001882	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000945\| European Ancestry\| 3,615 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	OR: 0.76 [0.68, 0.84]	—	—	Age, sex, body mass index, prior fracture, smoking, corticosteroids use, rheumatoid arthritis, parental fracture, at-risk drinking, falls at baseline, secondary osteoperosis	—
PPM001883	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000949\| European Ancestry\| 4,717 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.71 [0.59, 0.85]	—	—	Clinical risk factor-based score (FRAX-CRF)	—
PPM001884	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000942\| European Ancestry\| 4,663 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.74 [0.67, 0.81]	—	—	Clinical risk factor-based score (FRAX-CRF)	—
PPM001885	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000940\| European Ancestry\| 1,880 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.72 [0.63, 0.81]	—	—	Clinical risk factor-based score (FRAX-CRF)	—
PPM001886	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000946\| European Ancestry\| 3,615 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.77 [0.7, 0.84]	—	—	Clinical risk factor-based score (FRAX-CRF)	—
PPM001887	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000941\| European Ancestry\| 4,663 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	OR: 0.74 [0.65, 0.83]	—	—	Clinical risk factor-based score (FRAX-CRF)	—
PPM001888	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000939\| European Ancestry\| 1,880 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	OR: 0.8 [0.67, 0.96]	—	—	Clinical risk factor-based score (FRAX-CRF)	—
PPM001889	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000945\| European Ancestry\| 3,615 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	OR: 0.76 [0.69, 0.84]	—	—	Clinical risk factor-based score (FRAX-CRF)	—
PPM001890	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000949\| European Ancestry\| 4,717 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.75 [0.63, 0.9]	—	—	Age, sex, measured femoral neck bone mineral density	—
PPM001891	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000942\| European Ancestry\| 4,663 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.82 [0.75, 0.9]	—	—	Age, sex, measured femoral neck bone mineral density	—
PPM001892	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000940\| European Ancestry\| 1,880 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.78 [0.68, 0.88]	—	—	Age, sex, measured femoral neck bone mineral density	—
PPM001893	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000946\| European Ancestry\| 3,615 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.82 [0.75, 0.9]	—	—	Age, sex, measured femoral neck bone mineral density	—
PPM001894	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000941\| European Ancestry\| 4,663 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	OR: 0.85 [0.75, 0.97]	—	—	Age, sex, measured femoral neck bone mineral density	—
PPM001895	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000945\| European Ancestry\| 3,615 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	OR: 0.83 [0.76, 0.93]	—	—	Age, sex, measured femoral neck bone mineral density	—
PPM001896	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000949\| European Ancestry\| 4,717 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.75 [0.63, 0.89]	—	—	Clinical risk factor-based score including bone mineral density (FRAX-BMD)	—
PPM001897	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000942\| European Ancestry\| 4,663 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.78 [0.71, 0.85]	—	—	Clinical risk factor-based score including bone mineral density (FRAX-BMD)	—
PPM001898	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000940\| European Ancestry\| 1,880 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.75 [0.66, 0.85]	—	—	Clinical risk factor-based score including bone mineral density (FRAX-BMD)	—
PPM001899	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000946\| European Ancestry\| 3,615 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.82 [0.75, 0.89]	—	—	Clinical risk factor-based score including bone mineral density (FRAX-BMD)	—
PPM001900	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000941\| European Ancestry\| 4,663 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	OR: 0.76 [0.68, 0.87]	—	—	Clinical risk factor-based score including bone mineral density (FRAX-BMD)	—
PPM001901	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000945\| European Ancestry\| 3,615 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	OR: 0.8 [0.73, 0.88]	—	—	Clinical risk factor-based score including bone mineral density (FRAX-BMD)	—
PPM001902	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000944\| European Ancestry\| 8,278 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	—	C-index: 0.66 [0.641, 0.679]	—	Clinical risk factor-based score (FRAX-CRF)	—
PPM001903	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000943\| European Ancestry\| 8,278 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident hip fracture	—	C-index: 0.682 [0.66, 0.704]	—	Clinical risk factor-based score (FRAX-CRF)	—
PPM001851	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000937\| European Ancestry\| 80,014 individuals	PGP000153 \| Manousaki D et al. J Bone Miner Res (2020) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.7 [0.66, 0.75]	—	Odds Ratio (OR, bottom 50% vs top 50%): 1.79 [1.58, 2.01]	Basline fracture risk (FRAX), fracture-related drug use	—
PPM001866	PGS000657 (gSOS)	PSS000948\| European Ancestry\| 80,014 individuals	PGP000154 \| Lu T et al. Genome Med (2021) \|Ext.	Reported Trait: Incident major osteoporotic fracture	OR: 0.7 [0.66, 0.75]	—	—	Age, sex, body mass index, prior fracture, smoking, corticosteroids use, rheumatoid arthritis, parental fracture, at-risk drinking, falls at baseline, secondary osteoperosis	—
PPM007075	PGS001529 (GBE_INI3146)	PSS007231\| African Ancestry\| 1,434 individuals	PGP000244 \| Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Speed of sound through heel	—	—	R²: 0.03275 [0.02202, 0.04347] Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.0181 PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.01912 [0.01081, 0.02743]	age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs	—
PPM007076	PGS001529 (GBE_INI3146)	PSS007232\| East Asian Ancestry\| 500 individuals	PGP000244 \| Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Speed of sound through heel	—	—	R²: 0.10987 [0.07399, 0.14575] Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.07069 PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.08324 [0.05108, 0.11541]	age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs	—
PPM007077	PGS001529 (GBE_INI3146)	PSS007233\| European Ancestry\| 7,691 individuals	PGP000244 \| Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Speed of sound through heel	—	—	R²: 0.17225 [0.16143, 0.18307] Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.13354 PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.13618 [0.12614, 0.14622]	age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs	—
PPM007078	PGS001529 (GBE_INI3146)	PSS007234\| South Asian Ancestry\| 1,449 individuals	PGP000244 \| Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Speed of sound through heel	—	—	R²: 0.11013 [0.09349, 0.12678] Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.08026 PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.08576 [0.07067, 0.10085]	age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs	—
PPM007079	PGS001529 (GBE_INI3146)	PSS007235\| European Ancestry\| 24,146 individuals	PGP000244 \| Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Speed of sound through heel	—	—	R²: 0.18117 [0.17451, 0.18783] Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.13986 PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.14001 [0.13386, 0.14616]	age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs	—
PPM007095	PGS001530 (GBE_INI4103)	PSS007281\| African Ancestry\| 3,560 individuals	PGP000244 \| Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Speed of sound through heel (L)	—	—	R²: 0.02043 [0.01363, 0.02724] Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.00372 PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00552 [0.00193, 0.00911]	age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs	—
PPM007096	PGS001530 (GBE_INI4103)	PSS007282\| East Asian Ancestry\| 781 individuals	PGP000244 \| Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Speed of sound through heel (L)	—	—	R²: 0.1024 [0.07518, 0.12962] Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.0813 PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.08045 [0.05573, 0.10516]	age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs	—
PPM007097	PGS001530 (GBE_INI4103)	PSS007283\| European Ancestry\| 10,636 individuals	PGP000244 \| Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Speed of sound through heel (L)	—	—	R²: 0.16053 [0.15218, 0.16889] Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.10916 PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.11118 [0.10382, 0.11854]	age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs	—
PPM007098	PGS001530 (GBE_INI4103)	PSS007284\| South Asian Ancestry\| 5,043 individuals	PGP000244 \| Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Speed of sound through heel (L)	—	—	R²: 0.07631 [0.06501, 0.0876] Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.05214 PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.05376 [0.04404, 0.06347]	age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs	—
PPM007099	PGS001530 (GBE_INI4103)	PSS007285\| European Ancestry\| 25,716 individuals	PGP000244 \| Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Speed of sound through heel (L)	—	—	R²: 0.16377 [0.15866, 0.16887] Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.11885 PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.118 [0.11343, 0.12257]	age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs	—
PPM007105	PGS001531 (GBE_INI4122)	PSS007311\| African Ancestry\| 3,592 individuals	PGP000244 \| Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Speed of sound through heel (R)	—	—	R²: 0.02141 [0.01445, 0.02837] Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.0063 PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00698 [0.00295, 0.01101]	age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs	—
PPM007106	PGS001531 (GBE_INI4122)	PSS007312\| East Asian Ancestry\| 782 individuals	PGP000244 \| Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Speed of sound through heel (R)	—	—	R²: 0.09852 [0.07171, 0.12534] Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.07672 PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.07776 [0.05339, 0.10214]	age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs	—
PPM007107	PGS001531 (GBE_INI4122)	PSS007313\| European Ancestry\| 10,633 individuals	PGP000244 \| Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Speed of sound through heel (R)	—	—	R²: 0.16134 [0.15298, 0.16971] Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.10988 PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.11176 [0.10439, 0.11914]	age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs	—
PPM007108	PGS001531 (GBE_INI4122)	PSS007314\| South Asian Ancestry\| 5,041 individuals	PGP000244 \| Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Speed of sound through heel (R)	—	—	R²: 0.07785 [0.06646, 0.08924] Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.05682 PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.05742 [0.04742, 0.06742]	age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs	—
PPM007109	PGS001531 (GBE_INI4122)	PSS007315\| European Ancestry\| 25,728 individuals	PGP000244 \| Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Speed of sound through heel (R)	—	—	R²: 0.17507 [0.16986, 0.18028] Incremental R2 (full-covars): 0.12574 PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.12479 [0.12013, 0.12946]	age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs	—
PPM010523	PGS001956 (portability-PLR_log_heel_BUA)	PSS009447\| European Ancestry\| 11,485 individuals	PGP000263 \| Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Heel Broadband ultrasound attenuation, direct entry	—	—	Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.4264 [0.4113, 0.4413]	sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs	—
PPM010524	PGS001956 (portability-PLR_log_heel_BUA)	PSS009221\| European Ancestry\| 2,147 individuals	PGP000263 \| Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Heel Broadband ultrasound attenuation, direct entry	—	—	Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.4076 [0.3715, 0.4424]	sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs	—
PPM010525	PGS001956 (portability-PLR_log_heel_BUA)	PSS008775\| European Ancestry\| 3,463 individuals	PGP000263 \| Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Heel Broadband ultrasound attenuation, direct entry	—	—	Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.3665 [0.3372, 0.395]	sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs	—
PPM010526	PGS001956 (portability-PLR_log_heel_BUA)	PSS008549\| Greater Middle Eastern Ancestry\| 505 individuals	PGP000263 \| Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Heel Broadband ultrasound attenuation, direct entry	—	—	Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.306 [0.223, 0.3845]	sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs	—
PPM010527	PGS001956 (portability-PLR_log_heel_BUA)	PSS008327\| South Asian Ancestry\| 1,968 individuals	PGP000263 \| Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Heel Broadband ultrasound attenuation, direct entry	—	—	Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.3216 [0.2812, 0.3609]	sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs	—
PPM010528	PGS001956 (portability-PLR_log_heel_BUA)	PSS008104\| East Asian Ancestry\| 819 individuals	PGP000263 \| Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Heel Broadband ultrasound attenuation, direct entry	—	—	Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.2762 [0.2109, 0.3391]	sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs	—
PPM010529	PGS001956 (portability-PLR_log_heel_BUA)	PSS007891\| African Ancestry\| 795 individuals	PGP000263 \| Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Heel Broadband ultrasound attenuation, direct entry	—	—	Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1457 [0.076, 0.2139]	sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs	—
PPM010530	PGS001956 (portability-PLR_log_heel_BUA)	PSS008995\| African Ancestry\| 1,404 individuals	PGP000263 \| Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Heel Broadband ultrasound attenuation, direct entry	—	—	Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1465 [0.0946, 0.1977]	sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs	—
PPM012240	PGS002174 (portability-ldpred2_log_heel_BUA)	PSS009221\| European Ancestry\| 2,147 individuals	PGP000263 \| Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Heel Broadband ultrasound attenuation, direct entry	—	—	Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.3925 [0.3559, 0.4278]	sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs	—
PPM012241	PGS002174 (portability-ldpred2_log_heel_BUA)	PSS008775\| European Ancestry\| 3,463 individuals	PGP000263 \| Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Heel Broadband ultrasound attenuation, direct entry	—	—	Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.3599 [0.3305, 0.3887]	sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs	—
PPM012242	PGS002174 (portability-ldpred2_log_heel_BUA)	PSS008549\| Greater Middle Eastern Ancestry\| 505 individuals	PGP000263 \| Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Heel Broadband ultrasound attenuation, direct entry	—	—	Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.3282 [0.2463, 0.4054]	sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs	—
PPM012243	PGS002174 (portability-ldpred2_log_heel_BUA)	PSS008327\| South Asian Ancestry\| 1,968 individuals	PGP000263 \| Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Heel Broadband ultrasound attenuation, direct entry	—	—	Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.3051 [0.2643, 0.3449]	sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs	—
PPM012244	PGS002174 (portability-ldpred2_log_heel_BUA)	PSS008104\| East Asian Ancestry\| 819 individuals	PGP000263 \| Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Heel Broadband ultrasound attenuation, direct entry	—	—	Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.2633 [0.1976, 0.3267]	sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs	—
PPM012245	PGS002174 (portability-ldpred2_log_heel_BUA)	PSS007891\| African Ancestry\| 795 individuals	PGP000263 \| Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Heel Broadband ultrasound attenuation, direct entry	—	—	Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1219 [0.0519, 0.1907]	sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs	—
PPM012246	PGS002174 (portability-ldpred2_log_heel_BUA)	PSS008995\| African Ancestry\| 1,404 individuals	PGP000263 \| Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Heel Broadband ultrasound attenuation, direct entry	—	—	Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.1515 [0.0996, 0.2026]	sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs	—
PPM012239	PGS002174 (portability-ldpred2_log_heel_BUA)	PSS009447\| European Ancestry\| 11,485 individuals	PGP000263 \| Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)	Reported Trait: Heel Broadband ultrasound attenuation, direct entry	—	—	Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.4168 [0.4015, 0.4318]	sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs	—

Evaluated Samples

PGS Sample Set ID (PSS)	Phenotype Definitions and Methods	Participant Follow-up Time	Sample Numbers	Age of Study Participants	Sample Ancestry	Additional Ancestry Description	Cohort(s)	Additional Sample/Cohort Information
PSS000940	Cases included individuals with a major osteoporotic fracture that occurred after the baseline visit.	—	1,880 individuals [ 337 cases , 1,543 controls ] , 100.0 % Male samples	Mean = 75.4 years Sd = 3.2 years	European	—	MrOS-SWE	—
PSS000941	Cases included individuals with a hip fracture that occurred after the baseline visit.	Mean = 4.5 years	4,663 individuals [ 273 cases , 4,390 controls ] , 100.0 % Male samples	Mean = 74.0 years Sd = 6.0 years	European	—	MrOS-USA	—
PSS000942	Cases included individuals with a major osteoporotic fracture that occurred after the baseline visit.	Mean = 4.5 years	4,663 individuals [ 560 cases , 4,103 controls ] , 100.0 % Male samples	Mean = 74.0 years Sd = 6.0 years	European	—	MrOS-USA	—
PSS000943	Cases included individuals with a hip fracture that occurred after the baseline visit.	Range = [4.5, 14.5] years	8,278 individuals [ 829 cases , 7,449 controls ] , 56.33 % Male samples	—	European	—	MrOS-USA, SOF	—
PSS000944	Cases included individuals with a major osteoporotic fracture that occurred after the baseline visit.	Range = [4.5, 14.5] years	8,278 individuals [ 1,267 cases , 7,011 controls ] , 56.33 % Male samples	—	European	—	MrOS-USA, SOF	—
PSS000945	Cases included individuals with a hip fracture that occurred after the baseline visit.	Mean = 14.5 years	3,615 individuals [ 556 cases , 3,059 controls ] , 0.0 % Male samples	Mean = 71.5 years Sd = 5.3 years	European	—	SOF	—
PSS000946	Cases included individuals with a major osteoporotic fracture that occurred after the baseline visit.	Mean = 14.5 years	3,615 individuals [ 707 cases , 2,908 controls ] , 0.0 % Male samples	Mean = 71.5 years Sd = 5.3 years	European	—	SOF	—
PSS000947	Cases included individuals with a hip fracture that occurred after the baseline visit.	—	80,014 individuals [ 209 cases , 79,805 controls ] , 45.36 % Male samples	Mean = 56.8 years Sd = 8.0 years	European	—	UKB	—
PSS000948	Cases included individuals with a major osteoporotic fracture that occurred after the baseline visit. ICD 10 codes include: M8002, M8003, M8005, M8008, M8082, M8083, M8085, M8088, S220, S320, S422, S423, S424, S520, S521, S522, S523, S525, S526, S529, S720, S721, and S722.	—	80,014 individuals [ 1,189 cases , 78,825 controls ] , 45.36 % Male samples	Mean = 56.8 years Sd = 8.0 years	European	—	UKB	—
PSS000949	Cases included individuals with a major osteoporotic fracture that occurred after the baseline visit. ICD 10 codes include: M8002, M8003, M8005, M8008, M8082, M8083, M8085, M8088, S220, S320, S422, S423, S424, S520, S521, S522, S523, S525, S526, S529, S720, S721, and S722.	—	4,717 individuals [ 125 cases , 4,592 controls ]	—	European	—	UKB	—
PSS000950	Cases included individuals with a hip fracture that occurred after the baseline visit.	Range = [4.5, 14.5] years	90,172 individuals [ 1,167 cases , 89,005 controls ] , 31.61 % Male samples	—	European	—	MrOS-SWE, MrOS-USA, SOF, UKB	—
PSS000951	Cases included individuals with a major osteoporotic fracture that occurred after the baseline visit. UKB cohort: Sitespecific major osteoporotic fractures were defined basedon ICD10 codes of primary diagnoses (M8002, M8003, M8005, M8008, M8082, M8083, M8085, M8088, S220, S320, S422, S423, S424, S520, S521, S522, S523, S525, S526, S529, S720, S721, and S722) and self-reported medical history.	Range = [4.5, 14.5] years	90,172 individuals [ 2,793 cases , 87,379 controls ] , 31.61 % Male samples	—	European	—	MrOS-SWE, MrOS-USA, SOF, UKB	—
PSS007231	—	—	1,434 individuals	—	African unspecified	—	UKB	—
PSS007232	—	—	500 individuals	—	East Asian	—	UKB	—
PSS007233	—	—	7,691 individuals	—	European	non-white British ancestry	UKB	—
PSS007234	—	—	1,449 individuals	—	South Asian	—	UKB	—
PSS007235	—	—	24,146 individuals	—	European	white British ancestry	UKB	Testing cohort (heldout set)
PSS007891	—	—	795 individuals	—	African American or Afro-Caribbean	Carribean	UKB	—
PSS008549	—	—	505 individuals	—	Greater Middle Eastern (Middle Eastern, North African or Persian)	Iran (Middle East)	UKB	—
PSS000585	—	—	4,741 individuals, 47.5 % Male samples	Mean = 55.8 years Sd = 7.6 years	European	—	UKB	—
PSS000585	—	—	6,704 individuals, 49.3 % Male samples	Mean = 62.6 years Sd = 9.9 years	European, NR	—	CLSA	—
PSS000585	—	—	3,426 individuals, 0.0 % Male samples	Mean = 71.5 years Sd = 5.3 years	European, NR	—	SOF	—
PSS000585	—	—	4,657 individuals, 100.0 % Male samples	Mean = 74.0 years Sd = 6.0 years	European	—	MrOS-USA	—
PSS000585	—	—	1,880 individuals, 100.0 % Male samples	Mean = 75.4 years Sd = 3.2 years	European (Swedish)	—	MrOS-SWE	—
PSS000586	—	—	80,027 individuals, 47.5 % Male samples	Mean = 55.8 years Sd = 7.6 years	European	—	UKB	—
PSS009447	—	—	11,485 individuals	—	European	UK (+ Ireland)	UKB	—
PSS007281	—	—	3,560 individuals	—	African unspecified	—	UKB	—
PSS007282	—	—	781 individuals	—	East Asian	—	UKB	—
PSS007283	—	—	10,636 individuals	—	European	non-white British ancestry	UKB	—
PSS007284	—	—	5,043 individuals	—	South Asian	—	UKB	—
PSS007285	—	—	25,716 individuals	—	European	white British ancestry	UKB	Testing cohort (heldout set)
PSS009221	—	—	2,147 individuals	—	European	Poland (NE Europe)	UKB	—
PSS008327	—	—	1,968 individuals	—	South Asian	India (South Asia)	UKB	—
PSS008775	—	—	3,463 individuals	—	European	Italy (South Europe)	UKB	—
PSS007311	—	—	3,592 individuals	—	African unspecified	—	UKB	—
PSS007312	—	—	782 individuals	—	East Asian	—	UKB	—
PSS007313	—	—	10,633 individuals	—	European	non-white British ancestry	UKB	—
PSS007314	—	—	5,041 individuals	—	South Asian	—	UKB	—
PSS007315	—	—	25,728 individuals	—	European	white British ancestry	UKB	Testing cohort (heldout set)
PSS008995	—	—	1,404 individuals	—	African unspecified	Nigeria (West Africa)	UKB	—
PSS008104	—	—	819 individuals	—	East Asian	China (East Asia)	UKB	—
PSS000932	Incident major osteoporotic fractures (MOF; composite of hip, clinical spine, forearm, humerus)(16) were identified from ques- tionnaire data from UK Biobank from the baseline assessment and ICD-10 codes from hospital admissions (primary diagnoses). ICD codes used to identify Fracture cases include: M8002, M8003, M8082, M8083, S422, S423, S424, S520, S521, S522, S523, S525, S526, S529, M8005, M8085, S720, S721,S722, M8008, M8088, S220, S320	—	12,678 individuals [ 68 cases , 12,610 controls ] , 40.52 % Male samples	Mean = 58.6 years Sd = 7.7 years	European	—	UKB	—
PSS000933	Incident major osteoporotic fractures (MOF; composite of hip, clinical spine, forearm, humerus)(16) were identified from ques- tionnaire data from UK Biobank from the baseline assessment and ICD-10 codes from hospital admissions (primary diagnoses). ICD codes used to identify Fracture cases include: M8002, M8003, M8082, M8083, S422, S423, S424, S520, S521, S522, S523, S525, S526, S529, M8005, M8085, S720, S721,S722, M8008, M8088, S220, S320	—	12,678 individuals [ 256 cases , 12,422 controls ] , 40.52 % Male samples	Mean = 58.6 years Sd = 7.6 years	European	—	UKB	—
PSS000934	Incident major osteoporotic fractures (MOF; composite of hip, clinical spine, forearm, humerus)(16) were identified from ques- tionnaire data from UK Biobank from the baseline assessment and ICD-10 codes from hospital admissions (primary diagnoses). ICD codes used to identify Fracture cases include: M8002, M8003, M8082, M8083, S422, S423, S424, S520, S521, S522, S523, S525, S526, S529, M8005, M8085, S720, S721,S722, M8008, M8088, S220, S322	—	67,336 individuals [ 141 cases , 67,195 controls ] , 46.27 % Male samples	Mean = 56.5 years Sd = 8.2 years	European	—	UKB	—
PSS000935	Incident major osteoporotic fractures (MOF; composite of hip, clinical spine, forearm, humerus)(16) were identified from ques- tionnaire data from UK Biobank from the baseline assessment and ICD-10 codes from hospital admissions (primary diagnoses). ICD codes used to identify Fracture cases include: M8002, M8003, M8082, M8083, S422, S423, S424, S520, S521, S522, S523, S525, S526, S529, M8005, M8085, S720, S721,S722, M8008, M8088, S220, S321	—	67,336 individuals [ 933 cases , 66,403 controls ] , 46.27 % Male samples	Mean = 56.5 years Sd = 8.1 years	European	—	UKB	—
PSS000936	Incident major osteoporotic fractures (MOF; composite of hip, clinical spine, forearm, humerus)(16) were identified from ques- tionnaire data from UK Biobank from the baseline assessment and ICD-10 codes from hospital admissions (primary diagnoses). ICD codes used to identify Fracture cases include: M8002, M8003, M8082, M8083, S422, S423, S424, S520, S521, S522, S523, S525, S526, S529, M8005, M8085, S720, S721,S722, M8008, M8088, S220, S320	—	80,014 individuals [ 209 cases , 79,805 controls ] , 45.36 % Male samples	Mean = 56.8 years Sd = 8.1 years	European	—	UKB	—
PSS000937	Incident major osteoporotic fractures (MOF; composite of hip, clinical spine, forearm, humerus)(16) were identified from ques- tionnaire data from UK Biobank from the baseline assessment and ICD-10 codes from hospital admissions (primary diagnoses). ICD codes used to identify Fracture cases include: M8002, M8003, M8082, M8083, S422, S423, S424, S520, S521, S522, S523, S525, S526, S529, M8005, M8085, S720, S721,S722, M8008, M8088, S220, S320	—	80,014 individuals [ 1,189 cases , 78,825 controls ] , 45.36 % Male samples	Mean = 56.8 years Sd = 8.0 years	European	—	UKB	—
PSS000938	Cases included individuals with a major osteoporotic fracture that occurred after the baseline visit.	—	25,034 individuals [ 323 cases , 24,711 controls ] , 42.7 % Male samples	Mean = 53.7 years Sd = 11.0 years	East Asian	—	CKB	—
PSS000939	Cases included individuals with a hip fracture that occurred after the baseline visit.	—	1,880 individuals [ 129 cases , 1,751 controls ] , 100.0 % Male samples	Mean = 75.4 years Sd = 3.2 years	European	—	MrOS-SWE	—

Experimental Factor Ontology (EFO) Information
Identifier	EFO_0007772
Description	bone quantitiave ultrasound of the main bone in the heel, recognized as a non-invasive method for evaluation of bone strength and prediction of osteoporotic fracture
Trait category	Other measurement

Trait: calcaneal bone quantitative ultrasound measurement

Associated Polygenic Score(s)

Performance Metrics

Evaluated Samples